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第31章美腿与丑腿TheHandsomeandDef
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本杰明·富兰克林BenjaminFranklin
本杰明·富兰克林(1706—1790),18世纪美国最伟大的科学家,著名的政治家和文学家。
他生于北美洲的波士顿,幼年家境贫穷,一生只受过两年正式教育。
8岁入学,10岁辍学,此后又当了近10年的印刷工人。
但他自学从未间断过,从自然科学、技术方面的读物到著名科学家的论文以及名家作品,无不涉猎。
1726年,他出版了《穷查理历书》,当时被译成12种文字,畅销欧美各国。
也奠定了他在文学上地位。
独立战争爆发后,他参加了第二届大陆会议和《独立宣言》的起草工作。
1790年4月17日,深夜11点,富兰克林溘然逝去。
他一生最真实的写照是他自己所过的一句话“诚实和勤勉,应该成为你永久的伴侣。”
本文是作者于1780年创作的,当时他正在法国为国事奔走,却仍然有闲情雅致写这种轻松的文章,此文足以窥见作者美国式的幽默和机智。
&wosortsofpeopleintheithequaldegreesofhealth&wealth,aherfortsoflife,bee,theonehappy,ahermiserable.Thisarisesverymuthedifferentviewsinwhichtheysiderthings,persoheeffectofthosediffereheirownminds.
IionMeheymayfindwhateverpany,theymayfindpersons&versationmoreorlesspleasing;Atwhatevertable,theymaymeet;drierae,dishesbetter&worsedressed;Ietheywillfindgoodaher;Uevergoverheymayfindgood&badlaws,andgood&badadministrationofthoselaws.Ineverypeniustheymayseefaultsaies.Inalmosteveryface&everyperson,theymaydisefeatures&defep;badqualities.
&heseces,thetwosortsofpeopleabovemeheirattention,thosewhoaretobehappy,ontheciesofthipartsofversation,thewell-dresseddishes,thegoodhewihefijoyallwithess.Thosewhoaretobeunhappythink&speakoraries.Heheyareuallydistedthemselves,andbytheirremarkssourthepleasuresofsociety,offendpersonallymanypeople,ahemselveseverywheredisagreeable.Ifthisturnofmindwasfouure,suhappypersonswouldbethemoretobepitied.Butasthedispositiontocriticize,&bedisgusted,isperhapstakenupinallybyimitation,andisunawaresgrownintoahabit,whichthoughatpresentstrohelessbethosewhohaveitarecedofitsbadeffetheirfelicity;Ihopethislittleadmonitionmaybeofservi,andputthemongahabit,whichthoughiisaagihasseriouslife,asitbringsriefsandmisfortunes.Forasmanyareoffendedby,&nobodywelllovesthissortofpeople,hemmorethaoncivilitya,a;andthisfrequentlyputsthemoutofhumour,anddrawsthemintodisputesaioobtaiageinrankoffortune,nobodywishesthemsuccess,orwillstirastep,orspeakaword,tofavourtheirpretensions.Iftheyincurpublisureraewilldefendorexdmanyjointoaggravatetheirmisduderthempletelyodious.Ifthesepeoplewillnotgethisbadhabit,aobepleasedleasing,withthemselvesathetraries,itisgoodforotherstoavoidanacewiththem;whichisalwaysdisagreeable,aimesveryi,especiallywhenonefindsone'sselfeheirquarrels.
Anoldphilosophidofminewasgrown,formexperieiousinthispartidcarefullyavoidedanyintimacywithsuchpeople.Hehad,likeotherphilosophers,athermometertoshowhimtheheatoftheweather,andabarometertomarkwhenitwaslikelytoodorbad;but,therebeingnoiedtodiscover,atfirstsight,thisunpleasingdispositioninapersopurposemadeuseofhislegs;oneofwhichwasremarkablyhaher,bysomeat,ddeformed.Ifastrahefirstinterview,regardedhisuglylegmorethanhishaedhiIfhespokeofit,&tookhehawassuffiinemyphilosophertohavenofurtheracewithhiEverybodyhasnotthistwo-leggedieveryohalittleattention,maynsofthatg,fault-findingdisposition,&takethesameresolutionofavoidiahosei.Ithereforeadvisethosecritical,querulous,disted,uiftheywishtoberespedbelovedbyothers,&happyiheyshouldleaveofflookingattheuglyleg.
这世上有两种人,他们拥有着同样的健康、财富以及其他生活上的享受,但是,一种人快乐,另一种人却烦恼。
这很大程度上缘于他们对事物的观点不同,比如对人和对事,因此产生了快乐和烦恼的差别。
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